After conquering Constantinople in 1453, Sultan Mehmed II transformed the city into the new Ottoman capital. He rebuilt its infrastructure, repopulated it with diverse communities, and restored key structures like the Hagia Sophia, converting it into a mosque. New mosques, markets, and public buildings flourished, turning the city into a thriving imperial center. Mehmed's efforts ensured Constantinople remained a dominant political, economic, and cultural hub, securing its legacy as the heart of