Abstract: Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL), a Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) architecture tailored for graphs, has shown notable potential for mitigating label scarcity. Its core idea is to amplify ...

Abstract: Contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a powerful approach for self-supervised learning. However, it suffers from sampling bias, which hinders its performance. While the mainstream ...

Thomas Helbling is an Advisor in the IMF’s Research Department. Opinions expressed in articles and other materials are those of the authors; they do not necessarily reflect IMF policy.

This Conceptual Analysis traces who pays for environmental footprints, focusing on the current US economic system and environmental regulatory regime. With some important exceptions, carbon, water, ...