Collaborative research by the University of Tokyo and RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research has led to the ...

Transcription and translation are processes a cell uses to make all proteins the body needs to function from information stored in the sequence of bases in DNA. The four bases (C, A, T/U, and G in the ...

Genes are the building blocks of life, and the genetic code provides the instructions for the complex processes that make ...

A cartoon schematic of cell-free protein synthesis, a biotechnology that harnesses the cell's genetic code into a test tube. The schematic represents a simplified approach that allows scientists to ...

tRNAs have a distinct cloverleaf secondary structure and an L-shaped tertiary structure. The cloverleaf structure is formed by the folding of the single-stranded tRNA molecule, which is typically ...

When the first spark of life emerged on a young, ocean-covered Earth some four billion years ago, it didn’t happen at once. The process was slow and drawn out over eons, with lifeless chemicals slowly ...

With the principles of molecular biology very much in the zeitgeist these days, we thought it would be handy to provide some sort of visual aid to help our readers understand the complex molecular ...

DNA consists of a code language comprising four letters which make up what are known as codons, or words, each three letters long. Interpreting the language of the genetic code was the work of ...