Identifying specific roles for individual cytokines is complicated by the observation that they share common functional subunits. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimer of p35 and p40 subunits, and ...

Researchers at Mass General Brigham have modified a herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) that stimulates the immune system to attack glioblastoma cells. A single dose of the modified virus increased T-cell, ...

Cytokines are small, secreted proteins able to pass messages between cells. Members of this superfamily include growth factors, interleukins, chemokines, interferons, colony-stimulating factors, and ...

Cytokines are a large group of bioactive small molecule proteins synthesized and secreted by immune and non-immune cells. There are various types of cytokines that belong to different families and ...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe renal disorder affecting approximately 10%–15% of hospitalized patients and up to 50% in intensive care units (ICUs). Its pathogenesis involves complex ...

Medicenna Therapeutics Corp. specializes in engineered interleukins for oncology and autoimmune diseases, enhancing therapeutic properties and reducing adverse effects. Medicenna Therapeutics' main ...

Under normal conditions, cytokines aid in pathogen recognition and elimination while contributing to immune system homeostasis. When the immune system malfunctions, irregularities in cytokine ...