Many industrial and medical applications use instrumentationamplifiers to condition small signals in the presenceof large common-mode voltages. INAs have completeclosed-loop operational amplifiers ...

Some of the electrical signals we work with are said to be “floating” with respect to ground. A typical example might be a voltage drop over a shunt resistor in a power supply or a complex biomedical ...

The term instrumentation amplifier (INA) often is misused, referring to the application rather than the architecture of the device. Historically, any amplifier that was considered precision (i.e., ...