Self-normalized processes arise naturally in statistical applications. Being unit free, they are not affected by scale changes. Moreover, self-normalization often eliminates or weakens moment ...

A logarithm is the power which a certain number is raised to get another number. Before calculators and various types of complex computers were invented it was difficult for scientists and ...

Remember one of the laws of logs: \(n{\log _a}x = {\log _a}{x^2}\) Another one of the laws are used here: \({\log _a}x + {\log _a}y = {\log _a}xy\) ...

A polynomial is an algebraic expression involving many terms and can be factorised using long division or synthetic division. Laws of logarithms and exponents Revise what logarithms are and how to use ...

This paper is concerned with the estimation of the parameters of a mixed-exponential response law, given some sample observations. Two alternative laws are considered, each having two parameters. The ...